- "Then at last his gaze was held: wall upon wall, battlement upon battlement, black tower of adamant, he saw it: Barad-dûr, Fortress of Sauron. All hope left him."
- —The Fellowship of the Ring, "The Breaking of the Fellowship"
Barad-dûr ("Dark Fortress") was Sauron's central stronghold in Mordor, serving as his seat of power in Middle-earth in the Second Age and late Third Age.
Overview
Barad-dûr was sustained by dark magic and was the greatest fortress in Middle-earth of its time. It was originally built in the Second Age, and leveled after Sauron's defeat in the War of the Last Alliance. Sauron had Barad-dûr rebuilt late in the Third Age as he regained his power, but the tower was forever destroyed immediately upon the destruction of the One Ring.
Ted Nasmith's rendition of Barad-dûr
In his writings, J.R.R. Tolkien describes little of the tower besides its terror, color, and surreal size.
History
Barad-dûr was built by Sauron in the land of Mordor, not far from the volcano known as Mount Doom. The construction of the tower began around the SA 1000, and took six hundred years to complete. It was the greatest fortress built since the fall of Angband during the War of Wrath.[4]
Barad-dûr was besieged for seven years by the Last Alliance of Elves and Men during the Second Age, and was leveled after Sauron's defeat at the hands of Isildur. But because it was created using the power of the One Ring, its foundations could not be destroyed while the Ring itself still existed.[5] As Isildur failed to destroy the Ring, the tower was eventually re-built when Sauron returned to Mordor thousands of years later in TA 2942.[6]
Some time near the end of the Third Age (TA 3009-TA 3017), Gollum was captured by Orcs and taken to Barad-dûr, while Gandalf and Aragorn were also searching for him. He was brutally tortured for information regarding the whereabouts of the One Ring, as Sauron had learned that he had once possessed it, and thus Sauron learned that the One Ring had been found. Then, after a very long time, they managed to wring the words Shire and Baggins from Gollum. Satisfied that he had learned all he could from the creature, and hoping to learn more by tracking him, Sauron released Gollum in TA 3017.
Barad-dûr glimpsed from the slopes of Mount Doom, as imagined by Darrell Sweet
A drawing of Barad-dûr by J.R.R. Tolkien
Only when Frodo Baggins, with the unwitting aid of Gollum, destroyed the One Ring within Mount Doom, was Barad-dûr finally and permanently destroyed. Without Sauron's power from the Ring to sustain it, it could not stand. In the same moments as the finish of the Battle of the Black Gate, Barad-dûr collapsed into ruin, never to be rebuilt.[7]
Etymology
Barad-dûr means "Dark tower" in Sindarin, from barad ("fortress, tower") and dûr ("dark").[8]
In Black Speech, Lugbúrz also means "Dark tower".
The Quenya versions of Barad-dûr (which were never used within the narration) are Lúnaturco ("Dark Stronghold") and Taras Lúna ("Dark Tower").[9]
In adaptations
In The Return of the King animated film (1980)
Barad-dûr as depicted in the 1980 film
In The Return of the King film created by Rankin/Bass and directed by Ralph Bakshi, Barad-dûr is only shown a few times. It is depicted as a castle-like fortress on the side of a mountain. The Eye of Sauron is not a part of the tower; rather it appears in the skies of Mordor.
In The Lord of the Rings film trilogy
The reconstruction of Barad-dûr, after its destruction by Last Alliance of Elves and Men
For The Lord of the Rings film trilogy (2001 - 2003) directed by Peter Jackson, Richard Taylor and his design team built a 27-foot-tall "bigature" of Barad-dûr for use, at 1:66 scale, basing its appearance on an illustration by John Howe done originally for Tolkien Calendar 1991[10][11] Using the size scale for the model, the tower is shown to be around 5,000 feet tall, with the Eye of Sauron at its apex. Barad-dûr's entirety is seen in an upward-panning vision Frodo has in the first film, at Amen Hen.
In the final battle in The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, at the Black Gate, the Dark Tower is shown to be in much closer proximity than it would have been according to Tolkien's maps. The animation of the tower's climactic destruction, when the One Ring has been destroyed, was rendered by Gray Horsfield.[12]
- "The Dark Tower is beyond architecture. As the physical envelope of Sauron in Middle-earth, it can obey laws beyond the strictly architectural. I see it very much as an extension of his soul. If [Sauron's] mind could take shape, then it would be a hideously tall tower such as this."
- —John Howe in The Art of The Return of the King, pg. 199
In Middle-earth: Shadow of War
Barad-dûr as seen in Middle-earth: Shadow of War
Barad-dûr is visible, though not a playable location, in the region of Gorgoroth in Middle-earth: Shadow of War. It is depicted similarly to its appearance in The Lord of Ring Film trilogy. However, it's appearance changes as the events of the game progress. Initially, it's height is half that of Orodruin, and it's under heavy construction, and is very small on the map. During the middle of the game, it's much larger, but still uncompleted. After the game's over, it's at it's true massive size, and complete with the eye of Sauron at it's peak.
Gallery
Translations
| Foreign Language | Translated name |
| Amharic | ባራድ፡ዱር |
| Arabic | باراد-دور |
| Armenian | Բարադ-դուր |
| Belarusian Cyrillic | Барад-дур |
| Bengali | বারাদ্-দুর |
| Bulgarian Cyrillic | Барад-дур |
| Catalan | Bàrad-dûr |
| Chinese (Hong Kong) | 巴拉多 |
| Danish | Det Sorte Tårn (Barad-dûr) |
| Georgian | ბარად-დური |
| Greek | Μπαράντ-Ντούρ |
| Gujarati | બરદ્-દુર |
| Hebrew | באראד-דור |
| Hindi | बाराद-दूर |
| Japanese | バラド＝ドゥーア |
| Kazakh | Барад-дұр (Cyrillic) Barad-dur (Latin) |
| Korean | 바랏두르 (Hangul) Baradureu (Latin) |
| Kyrgyz Cyrillic | Барад-дур |
| Macedonian Cyrillic | Барад-дур |
| Marathi | बारादा-दुर |
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Барад-дур |
| Nepalese | बाराद-दूर |
| Norwegian | Mørketårnet (Barad-dûr) |
| Pashto | باراد-دور ? |
| Persian | باراد-دور |
| Portuguese | Torre Negra |
| Russian | Барад-Дур |
| Sanskrit | बरद्-द्ûर् |
| Serbian | Барад-дур (Cyrillic) Barad-dur (Latin) |
| Sinhalese | බරාඩ්-ඩර් |
| Tajik Cyrillic | Барад-дур |
| Tamil | பாரட்-கதவு |
| Telugu | బరద్-దుర |
| Thai | บารัดดูร์ |
| Ukrainian Cyrillic | Барад-Дур |
| Urdu | بارادءدور |
| Uzbek | Барад-дур (Cyrillic) Barad-dur (Latin) |
| Yiddish | וואַראַד-סופּ |
|
Middle-earth Locations:
Provinces/Regions: Arnor | Dunland | Ettenmoors | Forochel | Forodwaith | Gondor | Harad | Ithilien | Khand | Lindon | Minhiriath | Mordor | Rhovanion | Rhûn | Rivendell | Rohan | The Shire Forests & Mountains: Amon Dîn | Amon Hen | Amon Lhaw | Caradhras | Emyn Muil | Erebor | Fangorn Forest | High Pass | Iron Hills | Lórien | Mirkwood | Mount Doom | Mount Gundabad | Old Forest | Orod-na-Thôn | Tower Hills | Weathertop Hill City/Fortifications: Angband | Barad-dûr | Bree | Caras Galadhon | Dol Guldur | Fornost Erain | Hornburg | Isengard | Khazad-dûm (Moria) | Minas Morgul | Minas Tirith | Last Homely House | Tower of Amon Sûl | Tower of Orthanc | Osgiliath | Umbar | Utumno Miscellaneous: Argonath | Astulat | Buckland | Cair Andros | Dagorlad | Dead Marshes | Enedwaith | Fords of Isen | Gap of Rohan | Grey Havens The rest of Arda:
Aman | Burnt Land of the Sun | Dark Land | Empty Lands | Neldoreth | New lands | Númenor | Tol Eressëa |
| Realms of the Dark Lords | |
|---|---|
| Years of the Trees | Utumno |
| First Age | Dor-na-Daerachas |
| Second Age | Mount Gundabad • Mordor |
| Third Age | Witch-realm of Angmar • Mordor |
| Fortresses | |
| Beleriand | Angband • Tol-in-Gaurhoth |
| Middle-earth | Barad-dûr • Black Gate • Carn Dûm • Dol Guldur • Durthang • Minas Morgul • Tower of Cirith Ungol • Towers of the Teeth |
References
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B: The Tale of Years (Chronology of the Westlands), "The Second Age"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, Book Six, Chapter I: "The Tower of Cirith Ungol"
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B: The Tale of Years (Chronology of the Westlands), "The Great Years"
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Akallabêth (The Downfall of Númenor)
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A: Annals of the Kings and Rulers, I: The Númenórean Kings, (iv): "Gondor and the Heirs of Anárion"
- ↑ The Return of the King, Book Six, Chapter III: "Mount Doom"
- ↑ Parma Eldalamberon, Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien
- ↑ Parma Eldalamberon, no. XVII, entry Elbereth on p. 22
- ↑ (The Lord of the Rings film trilogy, Extended Edition appendices) Part Four: The Battle for Middle-earth Begins, Visual Effects, Big-atures, 5:10
- ↑ Gary Russell, The Art of The Two Towers, pg. 10
- ↑ (The Lord of the Rings film trilogy, Extended Edition appendices) Part Six: The Passing of an Age, Visual Effects, Wētā Digital