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Arthedain was the largest of the three Dúnedain realms (along with Rhudaur and Cardolan) born in the schism of Arnor, in the Third Age.
History[]
Fornost Erain, Arthedain's capital city
During the reign of the High King Eärendur of Arnor, his sons were in an open discord that erupted into civil war after Eärendur's death in TA 861. Amlaith, true heir to the throne of Arnor, was opposed by his two brothers. Unable to resolve the situation, he was reduced to ruling the region of Arthedain, which consisted approximately of the lands west of the Brandywine River and north of the East-West Road. (His brothers created the kingdoms of Cardolan and Rhudaur to the south and east.)
The Kingdom's capital was at Fornost Erain, and Bree was one of its most important towns. Annúminas, the former capital of Arnor, was in the territory of Arthedain, but mostly abandoned and falling into ruin.
In TA 1300 the kingdom of Angmar appeared at Arthedain's north-eastern border. Its King was the chief of the Ringwraiths, although this was not known to the Dúnedain. When this new threat came Cardolan placed itself under the suzerainty of Arthedain. Cardolan repeatedly sent aid to Arthedain when needed but in TA 1409 Cardolan was destroyed and Rhudaur annexed by Angmar. Fornost was attacked but the city was successfully defended by King Araphor and the realm survived thanks to aid from the Elves of the Grey Havens, Rivendell and Lothlórien.
The Kingdom was not much affected by the Great Plague but Arthedain's population continued to dwindle, with some of the best farmlands being granted to the Hobbits in TA 1601 to form the Shire as they had become deserted. In TA 1851 King Araval won a war with Angmar and attempted to re-settle Cardolan, but the settlers were driven off and killed by the Barrow-wights.
In TA 1940, perceiving that both realms were under attack by a coordinating malice, Arthedain renewed contact with Gondor and Fíriel, the daughter of King Ondoher, was married to Arvedui of Arthedain. Shortly afterward the Witch-king's attacks resumed and the Wainriders again invaded Gondor, preventing either kingdom from aiding the other. With the death of Ondoher, Arvedui claimed the crown of Gondor, citing his own descent from Isildur and his wife's as the daughter of the late king. The council of Gondor denied his claim, preventing the reunification of the Dúnedain.
Arthedain's desperate resistance continued with dwindling resources, but in TA 1974 the kingdom was finally overrun and Fornost fell into the hands of Angmar. It fell just one year too soon for help was underway from Gondor led by Eärnur. This army reached Arthedain in TA 1975 and destroyed Angmar at the Battle of Fornost.
Its last King, Arvedui, drowned just before the battle was fought. The son of Arvedui, Aranarth, decided not to rebuild the kingdom, and so became the first Chieftain of the Dúnedain. From him Aragorn was descended. The Kings of Arthedain were also the lords of the Shire, and the Hobbits would later choose the Thain to replace the kings.
People[]
The Arthedain (Sindarin for Edain of the Realm) were the Dúnedain of the old Kingdom of Arthedain. They were the purest-blooded descendants of the Númenóreans among the Dúnedain of Arnor. Arthedain also came to an end and its lands remained mostly empty (except for the Shire) and its people became Rangers. Rangers of the North, or simply the Rangers, were the northern wandering people of Eriador, the last remnant of the Dúnedain of Arnor.
Etymology[]
Arthedain is a Sindarin word meaning 'Realm of the Edain'.[citation needed]
See also[]
Translations[]
| Foreign Language | Translated name |
| Amharic | አርቴዲን |
| Arabic | أرثيداين |
| Armenian | Արթէդայն |
| Assamese | আৰ্থেডেইন |
| Belarusian Cyrillic | Артедайн |
| Bengali | আর্থেডেইন |
| Bulgarian Cyrillic | Артедаин |
| Chinese | 阿塞丹 |
| Czech | Ártedain |
| Dogri | अर्थेदैन |
| Georgian | ართჰედაინ |
| Greek | Αρθεδαιν |
| Gujarati | આર્થેડેન |
| Hebrew | ארתהידאין |
| Hindi | आर्थेद्ऐन |
| Japanese | アルセダイン |
| Kannada | ಅರ್ಥೆಡೈನ್ |
| Kazakh | Артедаін (Cyrillic) Artedain (Latin) |
| Konkani | आर्थेदाईन |
| Korean | 아르세다인 |
| Kyrgyz Cyrillic | Артэдаин |
| Macedonian Cyrillic | Артедаин |
| Marathi | आर्टहेडेन |
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Артедаин |
| Nepalese | अर्थडेन |
| Russian | Артэдайн |
| Persian | آرتاداین |
| Sanskrit | अर्थेदैन् |
| Serbian | Артедаин (Cyrillic) Artedain (Latin) |
| Sinhalese | ආර්තේඩයින් |
| Tajik Cyrillic | Артедаин |
| Tamil | ஆர்த்தெய்ன் |
| Tatar | Артедаин |
| Telugu | అర్థెడైన్ |
| Thai | อาร์เธเดน |
| Ukrainian Cyrillic | Артедайн |
| Urdu | ارٹہیداان |
| Uzbek | Артедаин (Cyrillic) Artedain (Latin) |
| Yiddish | אַרטהעדאַין |
| Realms of Men of Middle-earth throughout the Ages | ||
|---|---|---|
| First Age | Amon Ereb • Forest of Brethil • Dor-lómin • Eriador • Estolad • Ladros | |
| Second Age | Arnor • Dunland • Gondor • Haradwaith • Númenor• Rhovanion • Rhûn • Umbar | |
| Third Age | Arnor (later split into Arthedain, Cardolan, and Rhudaur) • Dale • Dunland • Lake-town (later part of the kingdom of Dale) • Gondor • Haradwaith • Khand • Rhovanion • Rohan • Rhûn • Umbar • Vales of Anduin | |
| Fourth Age | Dale • Haradwaith • Núrn • Reunited Kingdom of Gondor and Arnor • Rhovanion • Rohan • Rhûn • Khand • Eriador • Vales of Anduin | |